Nowadays, dental implants are commonly used as a replacement offor body lost parts and repairing tissue.
Dental implants, artificial joints, and stents are prominent examples of implants. All implants must have biocompatibility properties and be desirable in terms of mechanical and chemical properties. The implant in harmony with living tissue is considered biocompatible [1].
As implants are subject to static and oscillating loads, they must have a combination of high strength and toughness which lead to the superiority of metals over polymers and ceramics [2]. Recently Titaniumtitanium has been widely used in the manufacture of implants, medical equipment, and the aerospace industry. Pure titanium has lacked ion release problems aand is not strong enough. Therefore, therefore, the strength must be increased for production.
Titanium is an element that has been widely used in the manufacture of implants, medical equipment, and aerospace industries in recent years. Pure titanium does not have ion release problems. But, but it has sufficient strength. Therefore, therefore, the strength must be increased to produce implants.
To increase the strength applying mechanical work such as rolling and extrusion is one way. Although, although they reduce biocompatibility. Another way is severe waxing deformation methods to achieve ultrafineultra-fine structure. According to the Hall-PatchHall-Petch relation, in metallic polycrystalline materials, the finer the grain size, the stronger the strength [3, 4].
The structure of UFG in polycrystalline materials refers to the achievement of grain size less than 1 1 m. In addition to high strength, these materials also have good ductility [5]. In SPD methods, preserving the geometric dimensions of the material makes the interactive process possible.
Also, high density of dislocations and
rearrangement at higher passes, cause the formation of new grain boundaries within the previous ones, while it can also increase biocompatibility.